Triptans (5-HT1B/1D receptor agonists) are first-line pharmacological interventions for acute cluster headache management, acting by vasoconstricting intracranial blood vessels and inhibiting neuropeptide release in trigeminal pathways. They rapidly abort or significantly reduce the intensity and duration of cluster headache attacks by selectively targeting serotonin receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Sumatriptan, particularly in subcutaneous or intranasal formulations, demonstrates the most rapid and effective symptomatic relief for cluster headache patients.