Corticosteroids, such as prednisone, are used in cluster headache treatment to reduce inflammation and modulate immune responses by binding to glucocorticoid receptors and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine production. They provide rapid short-term relief by suppressing neurogenic inflammation and potentially interrupting the trigeminal-autonomic pathway activation associated with cluster headaches. However, their use is typically limited to short courses due to potential systemic side effects.