Triptans, such as sumatriptan, act as selective serotonin receptor (5-HT1B/1D) agonists that constrict cranial blood vessels and inhibit pro-inflammatory neuropeptide release, effectively reducing pain and inflammation associated with cluster headaches. These medications rapidly abort acute attacks by targeting specific serotonin receptors in the trigeminal system, providing fast and targeted pain relief with minimal systemic effects.