Triptans (such as sumatriptan) act as selective serotonin receptor agonists that constrict cranial blood vessels and inhibit neuropeptide release, providing rapid acute relief for cluster headaches by reducing inflammatory neurogenic processes. Oxygen therapy and high-dose inhaled oxygen can also effectively manage cluster headache pain by causing vasoconstriction and reducing cerebral blood flow, thereby interrupting the underlying neurological mechanisms triggering the headache.