Melatonin acts as a chronobiotic agent that helps regulate circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycles, potentially reducing the frequency and intensity of cluster headache attacks by modulating neurotransmitter release and inflammatory processes. Its primary mechanism involves binding to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) in the hypothalamus and promoting neuroinhibitory effects that can decrease neurogenic inflammation and autonomic dysregulation associated with cluster headaches.