Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is hypothesized to potentially reduce cluster headache frequency and severity by modulating neuronal energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in the trigeminovascular system. Its mechanism likely involves improving cellular energy production and reducing neuroinflammatory processes, which may help stabilize neuronal excitability and interrupt the pathophysiological cascade associated with cluster headache attacks. Some clinical studies suggest that high-dose thiamine supplementation can provide prophylactic benefits for cluster headache patients, though the exact neurobiological pathways are not fully elucidated.