Antioxidants in Visual Snow Syndrome target oxidative stress by neutralizing free radicals and reducing neuroinflammation, potentially mitigating neuronal hyperexcitability and cortical hypermetabolism. These compounds, such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC), work by scavenging reactive oxygen species and modulating glutamatergic neurotransmission, which may help stabilize neuronal function and reduce aberrant visual processing.